本周美国股市在科技股的带动下持续刷新历史新高,周四标普500指数和纳斯达克指数再度携手新高。逢低买盘忽略了不断上升的成本压力,在回调后纷纷抢购盈利能力强的科技公司,芯片制造商、光学器件和存储设备公司领涨,因为全球内存芯片供应进一步收紧。市场普遍乐观地认为,工业企业有望从人工智能的蓬勃发展中获利,这也推动了该行业创纪录的增长势头。

虽然面对一直高企的能源价格,投资者一直在努力应对通胀反弹带来的各种挑战,但强劲的企业盈利和人工智能的盈利潜力继续支撑着市场对经济和股市的信心。标普500指数成分股公司第一季度利润迄今已飙升27%,是分析师预期约12%的两倍多——这是自2004年以来,除重大冲击后的复苏阶段外,最快的同比盈利增长。

彭博数据显示,衡量标普500工业板块与费城证券交易所半导体指数45天相关性的指标目前为0.75,接近6月以来的最高水平。该指标读数为1意味着这两个板块的走势高度一致。人们越来越担心,该板块与人工智能的关联性可能过强。

机构指出,强劲的盈利复苏和仍然较低的持仓水平抵消了债券收益率上升带来的威胁,股市仍有进一步上涨的空间。他在接受彭博电视台采访时表示,财报季“简直疯狂,绝对疯狂”,近87%的公司业绩超出预期,其表现与新冠疫情后的经济重启时期类似。摩根士丹利的跨资产策略师表示,股票仍然是全球资产配置中最受欢迎的资产类别,而对美国股票的偏好则源于其更好的风险回报状况和盈利潜力。

 

标普500和纳斯达克指数创新高的主要动力

美股财报季已经接近尾声, 本周一度出现了一些获利了结但是没有阻碍科技股继续引领股市向上。最新财报季带来的盈利超预期,是美股新高关键的提振。标普500成分股Q1利润同比增长27%,是分析师预期(约12%)的两倍多。近87%的公司业绩超预期,强度堪比疫情后经济重启时期,也是自2004年以来,除重大冲击后的复苏阶段外,最快的同比盈利增长。

当前市场刷新记录继续以AI热潮为主题,芯片制造商、光学器件、存储设备领涨,源于全球内存芯片供应进一步收紧。市场不仅看好AI的直接受益者(芯片股),也开始相信工业企业也能从AI发展中获利。即便面对面对成本上升压力,资金选择涌入盈利能力强的科技公司。

 

科技股乐观暂时盖过了加息预期

本周美国CPI和PPI均表明物价压力进一步升温,据芝商所联邦利率观察工具,金融市场当前定价12月加息25个基点的概率已升至逾30%。理论上加息预期升温将压制估值,但是当前市场当前更看重盈利增长的速度是否跑赢利率上升的速度。27%的盈利增速远超历史均值,提供了估值缓冲垫。不过,如果美联储加息预期不断升温,一旦市场确信加息重启,高估值成长股的调整压力最大。

美股当前靠“盈利超预期+AI信仰”撑住了通胀和加息的压力,短期看,AI算力需求仍在爆发期,全球内存芯片供应进一步收紧将有利于科技股的盈利预期上调。不过,风险在于AI概念泛化意味着情绪过热风险;若宏观数据走弱(如零售销售明显放缓),周期性强的芯片股首当其冲。纳指当前关注30000点心理关口的突破情况,如果面对加息预期升温,则可能会弱化其继续大幅冲高的动力。

英伟达(NVDA)将于5月20日美股盘后公布的27财年Q1财报,将是对于当前科技股升势的重磅考验,也是检验AI引擎的关键。英伟达业绩超预期几乎是板上钉钉——在过去12个季度中,有9个季度超预期幅度超过10亿美元。Q1财报季以来,AMD、Palantir、Datadog等公司的强劲业绩已证明“企业级AI支出正在加速而非放缓”,而英伟达的财报将是这一叙事的最终确认。若业绩超预期并上调指引,科技股有望迎来新一轮上行,可能推动纳指突破30000点关口,若仅是“符合预期”或出现供应链/竞争担忧,可能触发获利回吐。

 

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